Page 292 - Demo

%u062c%u0645%u064a%u0639 %u0627%u0644%u062d%u0642%u0648%u0642 %u0645%u062d%u0641%u0648%u0638%u0629 %u0640 %u0627%u0625%u0644%u0639%u062a%u062f%u0627%u0621 %u0639%u0649%u0644 %u062d%u0642 %u0627%u0645%u0644%u0624%u0644%u0641 %u0628%u0627%u0644%u0646%u0633%u062e %u0623%u0648 %u0627%u0644%u0637%u0628%u0627%u0639%u0629 %u064a%u0639%u0631%u0636 %u0641%u0627%u0639%u0644%u0647 %u0644%u0644%u0645%u0633%u0627%u0626%u0644%u0629 %u0627%u0644%u0642%u0627%u0646%u0648%u0646%u064a%u062962- 62 -Chapter3: Dry portsDriven by the long-term stimulus of increasing worldwide trade and globalization, the international freight transport industry thrives on continuous change and development, as reflected in managerial, regulatory and technological innovations within the sector. For container ports, in particular, the dynamic nature of such an environment has been most acutely felt in terms of considerable increases in the size of containerships, the rationalization of cargo handling operations in pursuit of greater efficiency, the devolution of port governance and the need to reorient the marketing of port services for strategic positioning within inherently competitive supply chains, rather than simply within essentially captive hinterlands.For the most part, the container port industry itself and the agencies (both governmental and otherwise) which influence its performance, have responded in a most positive and successful manner to this constantly changing environment and the challenges it poses; international trade has continued to expand virtually unabated, despite the many occurrences of congestion and bottlenecks in and around ports that must interfere with the pace of what is otherwise an inexorable trend. It is inevitably the case, however, that the development of transport corridors and associated infrastructure to facilitate access to ports lags behind the response of the ports themselves to the difficulties they are sometimes faced with. In addition, the availability of sufficient container storage space within ports is a matter of significant concern, especially for those ports in traditional locations %u2013 close to, or even within, suburban or urban areas.For facilitating the future evolution of container ports, therefore, it is crucially important that a viable solution is found that overcomes the potential multifaceted conflicts which may exist between the need for capacity expansion, environmental considerations, community restrictions (not least those imposed by the geography of a port) and the continued embedding of freight transport and logistics functions within integrated supply chains. One prospective solution that is emerging more and more often, both in practice and as an identifiable field of research in the relevant literature, is the %u2017dry port%u2018 concept.