Page 48 - Demo

%u062c%u0645%u064a%u0639 %u0627%u0644%u062d%u0642%u0648%u0642 %u0645%u062d%u0641%u0648%u0638%u0629 %u0640 %u0627%u0625%u0644%u0639%u062a%u062f%u0627%u0621 %u0639%u0649%u0644 %u062d%u0642 %u0627%u0645%u0644%u0624%u0644%u0641 %u0628%u0627%u0644%u0646%u0633%u062e %u0623%u0648 %u0627%u0644%u0637%u0628%u0627%u0639%u0629 %u064a%u0639%u0631%u0636 %u0641%u0627%u0639%u0644%u0647 %u0644%u0644%u0645%u0633%u0627%u0626%u0644%u0629 %u0627%u0644%u0642%u0627%u0646%u0648%u0646%u064a%u062948hardware, application programs, and the user. The most common operating systems are Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. A computer generally has one active operating system and it controls it when the system is running. Computers initially carry a small set of system instructions stored in a permanent memory called ROM. These are instructions that load a larger part of the system software from the storage media such as the hard disk, load the operating system software components and the user interface, and the system is ready for use. This activity is often called booting the computer. A computer can have two or more operating systems from which the user chooses when turning on the computer. This configuration is often called dual-boot or multi-boot. Note that only one operating system can be in control of the computer at any given time. Each operating system manages resources in its own way, and often these resources are shared in one way or another among the programs you wish to use. Where multiple programs simultaneously compete for a share of main memory and CPU usage, they compete for a chance to use input/output devices, and the operating system makes sure that everyone gets a chance to use the resources. The main functions of the operating system The main functions of an operating system are managing processes, memory, and the central processing unit. As program operations are loaded into memory and executed one by one, these operations compete for processor usage. The process expresses the program in various stages of implementation. Implementation of the process must progress in a sequential manner. To be clear, computer programs are written in a text file and when that program is executed, it becomes the process that performs all the tasks mentioned in the program. When the process is carried out, it passes through various stages. These stages may differ in different operating systems, and the names of these stages are also not standardized. Memory management is a function of the operating system that handles or manages initial memory and moves processes back and forth between main memory and disk during execution. Memory management keeps track of every memory location, no matter if it's assigned to some