Page 31 - Demo

%u062c%u0645%u064a%u0639 %u0627%u0644%u062d%u0642%u0648%u0642 %u0645%u062d%u0641%u0648%u0638%u0629 %u0640 %u0627%u0625%u0644%u0639%u062a%u062f%u0627%u0621 %u0639%u0649%u0644 %u062d%u0642 %u0627%u0645%u0644%u0624%u0644%u0641 %u0628%u0627%u0644%u0646%u0633%u062e %u0623%u0648 %u0627%u0644%u0637%u0628%u0627%u0639%u0629 %u064a%u0639%u0631%u0636 %u0641%u0627%u0639%u0644%u0647 %u0644%u0644%u0645%u0633%u0627%u0626%u0644%u0629 %u0627%u0644%u0642%u0627%u0646%u0648%u0646%u064a%u062931Table 3. Port classification and basic characteristics according to J. SemenovPort generation CharacteristicsPort prehistoryThere was technically no such thing as a port. Boats carrying passengers andgoods entered a gulf. These gulfs functioned as ports by connecting water and land routes.1st generation ports Ports functioned as commercial centers.2nd generation portsPoints of ship handling within the bimodal transport system: e.g. maritime transport - rail transport; maritime transport - road transport etc.3rd generation portsPort - industrial center. Between 1940 and 1945, ports played a logistic function for the purposes of supplying the military.4th generation ports Port - logistic center as a node for handling multimodal transports.5th generation portsAn analysis of the 4.5 thousand years of port history leads to a conclusion that ports of this generation should combine the following functions:- wholesale centers which will cut the time of cargo delivery;- points of joining of water and land passenger streams;- industrial centers with comprehensive intermodal transport handling;- logistic centers as connecting points for multimodal cargo transport.Source: J. Semenov, Kierunki strategiczne podwy%u017cszenia konkurencyjno%u015bci polskich port%u00f3w na tle wymog%u00f3wUE, pr. zbior. pod red. K. Chwesiuk, Konkurencyjno%u015b%u0107 polskich port%u00f3w morskich w %u015bwietle integracji z Uni%u0105Europejsk%u0105, III Konferencja Naukowa Porty Morskie, Szczecin, 2003, p. 6.The fifth generation port is characterized with an increased complexity and better possibili- ties for creating added value than the ports of the previous generations which is shown in